Rotenone
Mitochondrial Complex I Inhibitor / Rotenone (83-79-4), the most common member of the rotenoid natural product family, inhibits complex I of the mitochondrial electron transport chain (IC50 = 1.7 – 2.2 μM).1 Also inhibits NADH oxidation by cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum (IC50 = 3.4 nM).2 May be used to induce Parkinsonism in animal models.3,4 Inhibits autophagy by blocking lysosomal degradation of autophagic vacuoles.5
Biochemicals & reagents
83-79-4
Nicouline; NSC-26285
1 Heinz et al. (2017), Mechanistic Investigations of the Mitochondrial Complex I Inhibitor Rotenone in the Context of Pharmacological and Safety Evaluation; Sci. Rep., 7 45465 2 Cherednichenko et al. (2004), NADH oxidase activity of rat cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum regulates calcium-induced calcium release; Circ. Res., 94 478 3 Uversky (2003), Neurotoxicant-induced animal models of Parkinson’s disease: understanding the role of rotenone, maneb and paraquat in neurodegeneration; Cell Tissue Res., 318 225 4 Zheng et al. (2023), LAR Downregulation Protects the Astrocytic U251 and Cocultured SH-SY5Y Cells in a Rotenone-Induced Parkinson’s Cell Model; Int. J. Mol. Sci., 24 11111 5 Mader et al. (2012), Rotenone inhibits autophagic flux prior to inducing cell death; ACS Chem. Neurosci., 3 1063
RT
TARGET: Energy production -- PATHWAY: Mitochondrial function; NAD, NADP pathways; Autophagy; Calcium signaling -- RESEARCH AREA: Neuroscience; Vesicles -- DISEASE AREA: Neurodegeneration