20(S)-Hydroxycholesterol
Smoothened activator / 20-(S)-Hydroxycholesterol is an endogenous ligand for the LXR receptor.1 It has anti-adipogenic and pro-osteogenic effects in mesenchymal stem cells mediated via a non-LXR dependent pathway.2 The osteogenic effects of 20-(S)-hydroxycholesterol have been shown to be mediated by activation of hedgehog signaling and expression of genes associated with Notch signaling.3 Activation of Hedgehog is mediated via binding of 20(S)-hydroxycholesterol to Smoothened at a site distinct from the cyclopamine binding site.4,5
Biochemicals & reagents
516-72-3
1) Janowski et al. (1996), An oxysterol signaling pathway mediated by the nuclear receptor LXRα; Nature 383 728 2) Kha et al. (2004), Oxysterols regulate differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells: Pro-bone and Anti-fat: J.Bone Min.Res. 19 830 3) Kim et al. (2010), Osteogenic oxysterol, 20(S)-hydroxycholesterol, induces notch target gene expression in bone marrow stromal cells J.Bone Miner.Res. 25 7823 4) Dwyer et al. (2007), Oxysterols are novel activators of the hedgehog signaling pathway in pluripotent mesenchymal cells; J.Biol.Chem. 282 8959 5) Nedelcu et al. (2013); Oxysterol binding to the extracellular domain of Smoothened in Hedgehog signaling Nat.Chem.Biol. 9 557
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TARGET: GPCR -- PATHWAY: Cholesterol metabolism; Hedgehog; Notch -- RESEARCH AREA: Stem cells